Chapter 4 . Learning Basic Administration (Make a web site) 131 YaST
Chapter 4 . Learning Basic Administration 131 YaST has some useful tools in its Hardware section that enable you to probe your computer hardware. On my system, for example, I could see that the CD-ROM drive that YaST detected was available through device /dev/hdc and that it supported CD-R, CD-RW, and DVD media. I could also see detailed information about my CPU, network card, PCI devices, sound card, and various storage media. YaST also offers interfaces for configuring and starting network devices, as well as a variety of services to run on those devices. In addition, you can use YaST to configure your computer as a client for file sharing (Samba and NFS), e-mail (sendmail), and a variety of network services. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server comes with a wider range of configuration tools that are specifically geared toward server setup, including tools for configuring a mail server, VPN tunnels, and full Samba 3. Using the root Login Every Linux system starts out with at least one administrative user account (the root user) and possibly one or more regular user accounts (given a name that you choose, or a name assigned by Linux). In most cases, you log in as a regular user and become the root user to do an administrative task. The root user has complete control of the operation of your Linux system. That user can open any file or run any program. The root user also installs software packages and adds accounts for other people who use the system. When you first install most Linux systems, you add a password for the root user. You must remember and protect this password you will need it to log in as root or to obtain root permission while you are logged in as some other user. Other Linux systems (such as KNOPPIX) start you with a blank root password, so you may want to add one when you first start up by typing the following from a Terminal window or other shell: # passwd root Changing password for user root. New UNIX password: ******** Retype new UNIX password: ******** Some bootable Linux distributions give you (as a regular user) the power to run commands as root. You simply have to ask for the privilege using the sudo command. For example, from a Terminal window, to open a shell as root, type the following: $ sudo su - # You ll find out more about the sudo command later in this chapter. Note
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