Web hosting script - Chapter 4 . Learning Basic Administration 147 Setting
Chapter 4 . Learning Basic Administration 147 Setting User Defaults The useradd command determines the default values for new accounts by reading the /etc/login.defs file. You can modify those defaults by either editing that file manually with a standard text editor or by running the useradd command with the -D option. Although login.defs is different on different Linux systems, here is an example containing many of the settings you might find in a login.defs file: PASS_MAX_DAYS 99999 PASS_MIN_DAYS 0 PASS_MIN_LEN 5 PASS_WARN_AGE 7 UID_MIN 500 UID_MAX 60000 GID_MIN 500 GID_MAX 60000 CREATE_HOME yes All uncommented lines contain keyword/value pairs. For example, the keyword PASS_MIN_LEN is followed by some white space and the value 5. This tells useradd that the user password must be at least five characters. Other lines let you customize the valid range of automatically assigned user ID numbers or group ID numbers. (Red Hat starts at UID 500; other Linuxes start with UID 100.) A comment section that explains that keyword s purpose precedes each keyword (which I edited out here to save space). Altering a default value is as simple as editing the value associated with a keyword and then saving the file. If you want to view the defaults, type the useradd command with the -D option, as follows: # useradd -D GROUP=100 HOME=/home INACTIVE=-1 EXPIRE= SHELL=/bin/bash SKEL=/etc/skel You can also use the -D option to change defaults. When run with this flag, useradd refrains from actually creating a new user account; instead, it saves any additionally supplied options as the new default values in /etc/login.defs. Not all useradd options can be used in conjunction with the -D option. You can use only the five options listed in Table 4-3.
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