Web server - Chapter 6 . Securing Linux 223 command, which
Chapter 6 . Securing Linux 223 command, which is included as part of the base Fedora installation. Type the following to see connection information: # netstat tupn Table 6-3 describes each of the netstat parameters used here. Table 6-3 netstat Parameters Parameter Description -t, –tcp Show TCP socket connections. -u, –udp Show UDP socket connections. -p, –program Show the PID and name of the program to which each socket belongs. -n, –numeric Show numerical address instead of trying to determine symbolic host, port, or user names. The following is an example of what the output might look like: Active Internet connections (w/o servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name tcp 0 0 65.213.7.96:22 13.29.132.19:12545 ESTABLISHED 32376/sshd tcp 0 224 65.213.7.96:22 13.29.210.13:29250 ESTABLISHED 13858/sshd tcp 0 0 65.213.7.96:6667 13.29.194.190:33452 ESTABLISHED 1870/ircd tcp 0 0 65.213.7.96:6667 216.39.144.152:42709 ESTABLISHED 1870/ircd tcp 0 0 65.213.7.96:42352 67.113.1.99:53 TIME_WAIT - tcp 0 0 65.213.7.96:42354 83.152.6.9:113 TIME_WAIT - tcp 0 0 65.213.7.96:42351 83.152.6.9:113 TIME_WAIT - tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:42355 127.0.0.1:783 TIME_WAIT - tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:783 127.0.0.1:42353 TIME_WAIT - tcp 0 0 65.213.7.96:42348 19.15.11.1:25 TIME_WAIT - The output is organized into columns defined as follows: . Proto Protocol used by the socket. . Recv-Q The number of bytes not yet copied by the user program attached to this socket. . Send-Q The number of bytes not acknowledged by the host. . Local Address Address and port number of the local end of the socket. . Foreign Address Address and port number of the remote end of the socket.
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